A Classification of Separation Methods

摘要

A general classification of separation methods is attempted. The two criteria were phase transformations and interfacial transfers. All separation methods of homogenous mixtures were divided into five groups: (i) methods that are based on the formation of new phases by substances to be separated; (ii) methods that are based on differences in the interphase distribution processes, chromatographic methods being singled out as a separate group; (iii) membrane methods that are based on induced transfers of substances from one phase into another one across a third phase, which separates the two; (iv) separation methods within a single phase that are based on velocity and direction differences in spatial displacement of particles of substances to be separated within one fluid phase under the action of various fields; and (v) combined methods working combining previously listed methods.