Role of paragenome in development

摘要

The concept of paragenome is proposed, which is considered as a transient array of short DNA molecules appearing on the chromosome surface during development for the control of genome. The paragenome consists of printomeres, chronomeres, and phylomeres. Chronomeres and printomeres are obligatory for cells of certain differentiation lineages, but the cells of different lineages differ in the sets of these organelles. Phylomeres are facultative, since they appear only when development is modified. The paragenome is a system governing the chromatin configuration and level of structural genes expression, ensuring the interpretation of positional information by the cells and their differentiation in regulatory morphogenesis, and controlling the development in time. Deciphering of the paragenome will allow realization in future of direct reprogramming of somatic cell nuclei without using stem cells and eggs.