Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Adjusted Phase Composition of Hydrated Tungsten Oxides as Stable Self-Supporting Electrodes for Supercapacitors with High Volumetric Specific Capacitance

摘要

High pseudocapacitive activity of hydrated tungsten oxides (WO3xH(2)O, x = 1 or 2) makes them promising materials for supercapacitors (SCs). During their synthesis, additives such as complexing agents and surfactants generally can only affect the morphology and/or size of the products. Here, we demonstrate that not only morphology and size of WO3xH(2)O were affected, its phase composition could also change from WO32H(2)O to WO3H2O simply by increasing the amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) during its anodization synthesis. To the best of our knowledge, such a phenomenon has not been reported before. In addition, SDS introduced a special structure to the products, i.e., WO3xH(2)O nanoplatelets constructed from nanoparticle multilayers with abundant nanogaps between the multilayers, which further arranged into nanoflowers with increased amounts of SDS. Benefiting from such a structure, low internal resistance, enhanced stability, and fast redox kinetics, the as-obtained WO3xH(2)O/W-3 self-supporting electrode showed a high volumetric specific capacitance of 1402.92 F cm(-3) and good cycling stability (a capacity retention of 106 after 10 000 cycles). In addition, an all-solid-state asymmetric SC device based on WO3xH(2)O/W-3 delivered high a volumetric energy density of 44.0 mW h cm(-3) at 0.5 W cm(-3). Our method demonstrates a potential way to fabricate excellent self-supporting electrodes for SCs.