Status of and trends in development of machine parts

摘要

The growth of a scientific school concerned with machine parts reflects the main developmental periods of the machine building industry. Machine design based on simplified calculations generalizing accumulated experience corresponded to its evolutionary period. The technical revolution that began in the 20th Century led to more stringent requirements on the creation and design of machine mechanical systems, grounded in contemporary achievements in the technical sciences and research results reflecting the physical phenomena involved in loading of and damage to machine parts. The main development trends in modem machine building must be considered to be fullest possible machine compatibility with functional purpose, improvement of machine structural materials, reduction of materials input, enhancement of reliability and service life, and creation of fundamentally new products; these in aggregate ensure increased throughput for individual machines. Emerging high-priority trends in the expansion of machine building are bringing product into conformity with the requirements of high cost effectiveness and efficiency, reduction of capital and operating costs, and broadening of machine technological capabilities for implementation of the most progressive production processes (new technologies) [1].