Revisiting the life and scientific reputation of Ferdinand VandeveerHayden

摘要

Had Congress created the United StatesGeological Survey (USGS) in 1877, rather than a yearlater, Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden (Fig. 1) wouldlikely have become the first director. He was the favor-ite. If this had happened, Hayden's reputation andprominence today would be completely different.