Antibacterial prophylaxis with levofloxacin in patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation and neutrophil reconstitution: results from a double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase III trial and overview of recent clinical practice.

摘要

Infections are one major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) [1-3]. The majority of infections, mainly caused by bacteria or fungi, are observed between conditioning and neutrophil en-graftment ('neutropenic phase')- After neutrophil reconstitution ('postneutropenic phase') viral and fungal infections might be predominant. However, the cumulative incidence of bacteremia in this phase might be up to 25%, while the median time to onset was reported to be about 60-70 days after allo-SCT [4]. Despite this fact, there are no prospective-controlled data on the use of antibacterial prophylaxis in patients after allo-SCT and neutrophil reconstitution.