Counteractive role of Terminalia catappa leaf extract on hematological and coagulation disturbance in Type 2 diabetic rats

摘要

Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of mortality worldwide associated with hyperglycemia-induced hematological aberrations and thromboembolic complications. This study aimed to explore the modulatory effect of Terminalia catappa leaf aqueous crude extract (TCLE) on hematological and coagulation disturbances in a Type 2 diabetic rat model.Materials and Methods: High-fat diet streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated orally with 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight TCLE daily for 28 days. Full blood count, coagulation parameters, plasma calcium (Ca), and erythrocyte glycogen (GLYC) levels were assessed using standard procedures.Results: Terminalia catappa leaf aqueous crude extract treatment had a significant (p < 0.05) prolonging effect on clotting and bleeding times while increasing Ca, GLYC and mean corpuscular volume in diabetic rats. On the other hand, lymphocytes (LYM), platelet (PLT) count, mean PLT volume, LYM erythrocyte ratio, and PLT erythrocyte ratio of TCLE-treated diabetic animals were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) compared with untreated diabetic animals. Lymphocyte, PLT count, LYM/ erythrocyte ratio, and PLT/erythrocyte ratio correlated positively (p < 0.05) with plasma glucose, while a significant positive association was observed between Ca and GLYC. On the other hand, a strong negative association (p < 0.05) was observed between clotting time and fasting plasma glucose.Conclusion: These findings suggest that T. catappa leaf extract may be useful in reversing diabetic-mediated hema- tological anomalies due to its anticoagulant and anti-anemic activities.