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Morphological and histological changes in digestive tract development during starvation in the miiuy croaker

机译:iu鱼饥饿状态下消化道发育的形态学和组织学变化

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摘要

A histological method was used to describe the ontogenetic development of the digestive tract of laboratory-reared miiuy croaker (Miichthys miiuy) and to evaluate the effects of short-term food deprivation on the morphology and histology of the digestive tract. Larvae and juveniles were maintained at 24 A degrees C in a thermostatically controlled system. Three starvation experiments were conducted during different developmental stages: 1-7 days after hatching (dah; prior to benthic swimming); 26-35 dah (during settling); and 42-53 dah (after benthic swimming). According to the structural changes in the ontogenetic development of the digestive tract, three stages were observed. The first stage was from hatching to 3 dah; the digestive tract was undifferentiated in newly hatched larvae and then showed remarkable morphological changes and differentiation. During this period, larvae depended on endogenous nutrition. The second stage (4-20 dah) was a critical period in which larvae transitioned from endogenous feeding to exogenous feeding and the digestive tract fully differentiated into the buccopharynx, oesophagus, stomach, anterior intestine and posterior intestine. Goblet cells and vacuoles appeared in the digestive tract, and pharyngeal teeth and taste buds developed. During the third stage (20-36 dah), the gastric glands developed and the stomach differentiated into the fundic, cardiac and pyloric regions. At 25 dah, pyloric caeca developed and mucosal folds and spiral valves were clearly distinguishable. After 30 dah, the digestive tract did not undergo any noticeable differentiation, indicating the complete development of the digestive system. The wet weight and SGR (specific growth rate) of miiuy croaker larvae and juveniles greatly decreased when they were deprived of food, and compensatory growth was observed in re-feeding juveniles. The livers of starved larvae and juveniles were atrophied and dark coloured, the intestines were transparent and thin, and the stomach cubages were reduced. The histological effects of starvation were mainly evident in the degeneration of cells in digestive organs, as seen in the shrinkage and separation of cells and the loss of intercellular substances in the liver, pancreas, intestine and stomach. These changes became more severe with increased duration of starvation. In addition, the histological structure of the digestive tracts of starved larvae and juveniles partly recovered after re-feeding, and the effects of starvation on miiuy croaker were age dependent.
机译:组织学方法用于描述实验室饲养的小黄鱼(Miichthys miiuy)消化道的发育发育,并评估短期食物剥夺对消化道的形态和组织学的影响。在恒温控制的系统中,将幼虫和幼体维持在24 A摄氏度。在不同的发育阶段进行了三个饥饿实验:孵化后1-7天(dah;底栖游泳之前); 26-35天(在解决期间);和42-53 dah(底栖游泳后)。根据消化道个体发育的结构变化,观察到三个阶段。第一阶段是从孵化到3天。新孵化的幼虫的消化道没有分化,然后表现出明显的形态变化和分化。在此期间,幼虫依赖内源营养。第二阶段(4-20 dah)是一个关键时期,在这个时期中,幼虫从内源性喂养过渡到外源性喂养,消化道完全分化为食道,食道,胃,前肠和后肠。消化道中出现杯状细胞和液泡,并形成了咽齿和味蕾。在第三阶段(20-36 dah),胃腺发育,胃分化为胃底,心脏和幽门区域。在25天时,幽门盲肠发达,粘膜褶皱和螺旋瓣清晰可见。 30天后,消化道未发生任何明显的分化,表明消化系统已完全发育。剥夺食物后,小鱼和幼鱼的湿重和SGR(比生长率)大大降低,并且在重新喂养幼鱼时出现补偿性生长。饥饿的幼虫和幼虫的肝脏萎缩,呈深色,肠子透明而稀薄,胃的容量减少。饥饿的组织学作用主要表现在消化器官中细胞的变性,如细胞的收缩和分离以及肝,胰,肠和胃中细胞间物质的损失。随着饥饿时间的延长,这些变化变得更加严重。此外,饥饿的幼虫和未成年人的消化道的组织结构在重新喂养后部分恢复,饥饿对小黄鱼的影响与年龄有关。

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