A policy of selective episiotomy in a ward: An example of medical professional assessment [Politique restrictive d'épisiotomie au sein d'un service : un exemple d'évaluation des pratiques professionnelles]

摘要

Objectives: To reduce the episiotomy rates, according to the Clinical Practice Guidelines, of 2005, from the French College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Patients and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted, in the university hospital maternities (Maternity 1 and 2) with a retrospective record from medical files. Patients who had delivered in those maternities, by vaginal route, after 22 weeks amenorrhea were eligible. The global rate of episiotomy was analysed from 2006 to 2008. A descriptive clinical study was performed with a retrospective analysis (from July to December 2005 on 100 medical files and from July to December 2007 on 85 files). Besides, a study of episiotomy rate was conducted from 2006 to 2008. Improvement actions were developed between the two phases of assessment of the audit: sharing and comparing the results to standardized episiotomy rates, and elaborating an informatized regional perinatality file with episiotomy related items and national recommendations. Results: Episiotomy rate decreased during the study, from 22.35% in 2005 to 19.34% in 2008, in the Ward 1 (p < 0.0001) and from 33.62% in 2005 to 17.93% en 2008 (p < 0.0001) in the Ward 2. An improvement was observed between the two periods of audits, for each item of the chart but without statistical signification. Discussion and conclusion: Theses procedures have led to a positive impact on practices thanks to the work group and because of the politics of the perinatal network in favour of an episiotomy reduction. We hope these results could be improved in the future.