Out - of - Season spawning

摘要

Pike perch have the potential to become an important candidate for intensive commercial cultivation in Europe. They adapt to dry feeds and exhibit good growth performance, excellent feed conversion and product quality. One bottleneck is the dependence on dry feed-adapted fry from the natural spawning season. The authors induced out-of-season spawning in fish reared under natural and artificial temperature and illumination regimes without hormones or similar substances.