Review: lifestyle or pharmacological interventions prevent or delay type 2 diabetes in people with impaired glucose tolerance.

摘要

Meta-analysis using a random effects model showed that both lifestyle interventions (diet, exercise, or both) and pharmacological interventions (oral diabetes drugs [acarbose, flumamine, glipizide, metformin, or phenformin] or an anti-obesity drug [orlistat]) reduced the incidence of type 2 diabetes (table); 2 trials assessing troglitazone were excluded from the meta-analysis because the drug had been removed from several markets worldwide because of liver toxicity. In 1 trial, jiangtang bushen (a Chinese herbal) did not reduce diabetes (table). Adverse events related to pharmacological interventions (gastrointestinal and hypoglycaemic symptoms) were more common in the treatment groups (no statistical tests reported).