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Inbreeding in the seychelles warbler: Environment-dependent maternal effects

机译:塞舌尔莺的近亲繁殖:与环境有关的母体效应

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摘要

The deleterious effects of inbreeding can be substantial in wild populations and mechanisms to avoid such matings have evolved in many organisms. In situations where social mate choice is restricted, extrapair paternity may be a strategy used by females to avoid inbreeding and increase offspring heterozygosity. In the cooperatively breeding Seychelles warbler, Acrocephalus sechellensis, neither social nor extrapair mate choice was used to avoid inbreeding facultatively, and close inbreeding occurred in approximately 5% of matings. However, a higher frequency of extra-group paternity may be selected for in female subordinates because this did reduce the frequency of mating between close relatives. Inbreeding resulted in reduced individual heterozygosity, which, against expectation, had an almost significant (P = 0.052). positive effect on survival. Conversely, low heterozygosity in the genetic mother was linked to reduced offspring survival, and the magnitude of this intergenerational inbreeding depression effect was environment-dependent. Because we controlled for genetic effects and most environmental effects (through the experimental cross-fostering of nestlings), we conclude that the reduced survival was a result of maternal effects. Our results show that inbreeding can have complicated effects even within a genetic bottlenecked population where the "purging'' of recessive alleles is expected to reduce the effects of inbreeding depression.
机译:近交在野生种群中的有害作用是巨大的,避免这种交配的机制已经在许多生物体中形成。在社交伴侣选择受到限制的情况下,成对的父系陪伴可能是女性用来避免近亲繁殖并增加后代杂合性的策略。在合作繁殖的塞舌尔鸣鸟(Acrocephalus sechellensis)中,既没有选择社交配对也没有选择配对来避免近亲繁殖,并且近5%的交配发生了近亲繁殖。但是,女性下属可以选择较高的组外亲子关系频率,因为这确实减少了近亲之间的交配频率。近交导致个体杂合性降低,这与预期相反,几乎是显着的(P = 0.052)。对生存有积极作用。相反,遗传母亲的低杂合度与后代存活率降低有关,而这种代际近交抑制作用的大小取决于环境。因为我们控制了遗传效应和大多数环境效应(通过对雏鸟进行实验性交叉育种),所以我们得出结论,存活率降低是母体效应的结果。我们的研究结果表明,即使在遗传瓶颈人群中,近亲繁殖也可能具有复杂的影响,其中隐性等位基因的“清除”有望减少近亲抑郁的影响。

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