Inter-category versus intra-category fit: When social categories match social context

摘要

The goal of the research reported in this article was to examine whether social categorization, commonly thought to be a function of accessibility and intra-category fit, is also sensitive to changes in inter-category fit. Intra-category fit refers to the match between a target person's features and stored categorical knowledge, inter-category fit to the extent to which category memberships and targets' features covary across perceived group members. In Experiments 1, 2, and 3, members of social categories of low, medium, and high accessibility, respectively, were shown in a group discussion. Inter-category fit was manipulated in three steps. Category salience in memory increased as an additive function of accessibility and inter-category fit. Experiment 4 replicated the effects of inter-category fit while intra-category fit and the information presented for individual discussants were held constant. The present studies are the first to demonstrate an effect of inter-category fit on a relatively direct measure of spontaneous social categorization. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.