Direct cardiac involvement in childhood hemolytic-uremic syndrome: case report and review of the literature

摘要

Overhydration, hypertension, anemia, or dyselectrolytemias sometimes cause cardiovascular impairment in childhood hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Here, we report the case of a 4.5-year-old boy with hemolytic-uremic syndrome and sudden onset, 6 h later, of hemodynamic compromise secondary to a cardiac thrombotic micro-angiopathy. The child died. In the literature, we found 18 further cases with cardiac compromise ae25 days after diagnosis. The following causes were found: micro-angiopathy, pericardial blood causing tamponade, and myocarditis.