Modelling the dispersion of wastewaterdischarges from offshore outfalls: a review

摘要

Techniques for modelling marine pollution have been studied for decades. Specialized modelling methods havebeen used to simulate pollutant dispersion resulting from offshore outfall. These include empirical and analytical methods,particle tracking method, finite difference and finite element solutions for solving the advection–diffusion equations, andjet integral methods. In the application of these methods, various models have been developed to address ocean dischargeproblems. This paper reviews modelling techniques associated with simulation of wastewater dispersion discharged fromoffshore outfalls based on type of method and the physical process of the ocean discharge, such as near-field and far-fieldmodelling. The advantages and limitations of the major mathematical methods are analyzed, as well as their functionalityand the availability of modelling software. The development of numerous modelling approaches and software, both commercialand academic, reflects the growing importance and interest in ocean environmental assessment. This review alsodiscusses future trends for development in this field.