摘要:Using a similar method to construct a regional Gini coefficient model,according to the statistics data of water resources in Henan Province in 2014,Lorenz curve was drawn between gross water use and regional Gross Domestic Product,the amount of agricultural water consumption and the value of primary industry,the amount of industrial water consumption and the value of the secondary industry,and among the amount of agricultural water consumption,the amount of labor and the area of arable land,sequentially,Gini coefficient was calculated,it was analyzed that the degrees of Henan provincial water resources matched economy,water allocation among the key production factors in industry and agriculture.Results show that Henan provincial total amount of water use relatively matches regional Gross Domestic Product,the amount of industrial and agricultural water consumption matches with the values of primary industry and secondary industry,the amount of agricultural water consumption relatively matches the amount of agricultural labor,the amount of agricultural water consumption relatively and reasonably matches the area of arable land.At the same time,according to the difference analytical results of the temporal-spatial matching relations of water use in Henan Province with the social and economic key factors from 2010 to 2014,Henan provincial water resources consumption relatively matches economic development for many years.And by analyzing the reason causing the difference,it is proposed that the area of irrational water allocation in Henan Province should use the measures of water management,which will provide a good basis for realizing efficient water allocation.%运用基尼系数的相似方法构建区域基尼系数模型,根据河南省2014年的水资源统计数据,绘制水资源利用总量与地区GDP、农业用水量与第一产业值、工业用水量与第二产业值、农业用水量与农业劳动力数量及耕地面积之间的洛伦兹曲线,并依次计算其基尼系数,分析河南省水资源利用与经济总量、产业间水资源分配、农业生产要素间的匹配程度.结果表明:河南省水资源利用总量与地区GDP处于相对匹配状态;农业、工业用水量与第一、第二产业值均处于相对匹配状态;农业用水量与农业劳动力数量处于相对匹配状态;农业用水量与耕地面积处于比较合理匹配状态.同时,通过对2010-2014年河南省水资源利用与经济社会要素的时空匹配关系的差异性分析,结果表明,河南省水资源利用与经济发展匹配状况多年均处于相对匹配状态.通过对地区差异原因进行分析,提出对河南省水资源分配不合理的地区应采取用水管理措施,为实现水资源高效配置奠定良好的基础.