Environmental quality of horto-fruticultural food exports from southern Chile, in the eventuality of a future free trade agreement with the U.S.A.

摘要

Chile could negotiate a free comerce trade agreement (TLC/NAPHTHA) with the USA, that would require multiple reports in order to evaluate the impact that could be generated in the chilean economy. The horto-fruticultural production southern Chile has interesting projections for their favorable environmental conditions and for characteristics in the world market. This study establishes the current environmental situation of the products, centers of production and processingion of exportable products in southern Chile. On the other hand it identified the critical points in the productive processes and it evaluate the application of instruments of environmental administrations. A pool of data was elaborated basaded on a bibliografy, interviews to those knowledgeable in their field and applications of an instrument of evaluation. They utilized panels of discussion in order to analyze the outputs (by means of the Delphi method). The outputs reveal: a) high grade of ignorance on the TLC/NAPHTHA and the instruments of environmental administration in the companies; b) favorable hope in the demand and prices of products; c) critical environmental factors in infrastructure, human resource, use of herbicide; d) diferentiation in the regulation and environmental institutions of Chile and in the USA, which could intensify environmental negative impacts in Chile.