On the electrodynamics of moving particles in a quasi flat spacetime with Lorentz violation and its cosmological implications

摘要

This research aims to develop a new approach towards a consistent coupling of electromagnetic and gravitational fields, by using an electron that couples with a weak gravitational potential by means of its electromagnetic field. To accomplish this, we must first build a new model which provides the electromagnetic nature of both the mass and the energy of the electron, and which is implemented with the idea of gamma-photon decay into an electron-positron pair. After this, we place the electron (or positron) in the presence of a weak gravitational potential given in the intergalactic medium, so that its electromagnetic field undergoes a very small perturbation, thus leading to a slight increase in the field's electromagnetic energy density. This perturbation takes place by means of a tiny coupling constant xi because gravity is a very weak interaction compared with the electromagnetic one. Thus, we realize that xi is a new dimensionless universal constant, which reminds us of the fine structure constant alpha; however, xi is much smaller than a because xi takes into account gravity, i.e. xi proportional to root G. We find xi = V/c congruent to 1.5302 x 10(-22), where c is the speed of light and V proportional to root G(congruent to 4.5876 x 10(-1)4 m/s) is a universal minimum speed that represents the lowest limit of speed for any particle. Such a minimum speed, unattainable by particles, represents a preferred reference frame associated with a background field that breaks the Lorentz symmetry. The metric of the flat spacetime shall include the presence of a uniform vacuum energy density, which leads to a negative pressure at cosmological scales (cosmological anti-gravity). The tiny values of the cosmological constant and the vacuum energy density will be successfully obtained in agreement with the observational data.