SOCIO-COGNITIVE BASIS OF POSITIVE BIAS INEVALUATING WORK TEAMS PERFORMANCE

摘要

Considering the anchoring and adjustment effect on social inference judgments(Tversky and Kahneman, 1974) and Chaiken's (1987) heuristic-systematic model, thepresent research examines the role of group design and in-group interaction on individualperformance appraisal. Specifically, these variables were analyzed in relation to theemergence of positive bias. It was hypothesized that emotional criteria used by membersto form and manage their groups would produce higher positive bias because theiradjustment processes were upported by the heuristic processing route. A sample of 83 university students(72.2% women, 27.7% men) was distributed in 30 working groups of various sizes. Themean age was 23.3. Among other statistical procedures, factor analysis were used inorder to test the hypothesis. Results seemed to support our hypothesis as to the existenceof three different information processing routes in social inference related to judgmentaccording to the previous anchoring effect. As it was predicted by literature revision(Van-Leeuwen and Van-Knippenberg, 2002; Van Baaren, Holland, Kawakami, and vanKnippenberg, 2004, Loken, 2006), subjects involved in the central or systematic routeestimated their in-group efforts with less positive bias. These findings are discussed inrelation to group assessment systems and policies in organizational settings.