Daily consumption of apple, pear and orange juice differently affects plasma lipids and antioxidant capacity of smoking and non-smoking adults.

摘要

Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse correlation between a fruit and vegetable-rich diet and cardiovascular diseases; this beneficial effect of fruits and vegetables may be due to the presence of antioxidative phytochemicals. In contrast, cigarette smoking is a high risk factor for lung and heart diseases, associated with chronic oxidative stress. In this study, the effect of consumption of a pear, an apple and 200 ml orange juice, during 26 days, on total plasma antioxidative capacity (TAC) and lipid profile of chronic smokers and non-smoking healthy adults was analysed. Fruit consumption increased TAC in non-smokers, but not in smokers. In non-smokers, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol increased significantly, while in smokers, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol decreased. It is concluded that fruit and fruit juice supplementation showed different effects, depending upon smoking habit; in non-smokers it increased TAC and cholesterol, while in smokers it reduced cholesterol, without inducing a TAC increase.