Understanding in ovo vaccination

摘要

The initial in ovo (in the egg) vaccination research was conducted by United States Department of Agriculture scientists in the early 1980s. In ovo administration of Marek's disease vaccines HVT, SB-1, CVI988 to the late stage chicken embryo has beenshown to be safe and to induce earlier immunity than post-hatch administration. The practice of in ovo vaccination was moved from the laboratory to commercial hatcheries in 1992. Commercial in ovo vaccination began in the United States and today is routine in Southeast Asia, Japan, Australia, Europe, and the Americas.