A comparison of the effects of an Ascophyllum nodosum ethanol extract and its molecular weight fractions on the inflammatory immune gene expression in-vitro and ex-vivo

摘要

The anti-inflammatory bioactivities of three crude extracts of Ascophyllum nodosum (cold water, hot water and 80% ethanol extract (EE)) were initially evaluated. Following from this, the immune modulatory efficacy of EE and its MW fractions (<3.5, 3.5-100, >100 kDa) were compared. In TNF-alpha challenged Caco-2 cells, the crude extracts reduced IL-8 production (P < 0.001), while the EEcaused a >2 fold down-regulation of; cytokines (IL8, TNFA, IL1B, 1L18 and CSF1) chemokines (CXCL10 and CCL5), components of NF-kappa B pathway (NFKB2 and IICBKB), and inflammatory mediators (PTGS2 and MIF) genes. In the porcine colonic tissue ex-vivo challenged with lipopolysaccharide, EE and its MW fractions down-regulated the immune related targets LYZ, IL8, PTGS2, TLR6, CXCL10, IL6, CXCL11,ICAM, NFKB1 and CXCL2. It was concluded that while the MW fractionation potentially generated compounds displaying distinct immune modulatory functions, the crude EE exhibited the most potent immunomodulatory bioactivity.