Introduction: The Role Of Beta-Lactam/ Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations In Respiratory Tract Infection Guidelines And In Clinical Use

摘要

Respiratory Tract Infections (RTIs) represent a major cause of illness globally. Although most RTIs are caused by viral infections, some have a significant bacterial etiology, These include upper RTIs such as acute otitis media, sinusitis, and pharyngitis, and lower RTIs, which are a major cause of death worldwide. The latter include community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), acute exacerbations of bronchitis, and nosocomial pneumonia (ventilator-associated pneumonia and hospital-acquired pneumonia).The prevalence of the causative agents responsible for these infections varies geographically, although three species-Streptococcus pneumoniae, which accounts for approximately two thirds of all bacteremic pneumonia cases; Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella ca-tarrhalis-are recognized as common causative agents throughout the world. There are also a number of pathogens that are becoming increasingly prevalent in RTIs. These so-called emerging pathogens, although still only accounting for a small number of cases, may pose a significant problem in the future.