Evaluation of chitosan/CaSO_4/platelet-rich plasma microsphere composites as alveolus osteogenesis material

摘要

Periodontal disease is the manifestation of serious bacteria infection that may extend to the gingival, periodontal ligaments, and alveolus bone. One commonly administrated treatment is the debridement therapy with the removal of infected area including the soft and hard lesion tissues. In some critical case, osteogenetic materials are being filled into the defective voids to improve the regeneration of slow-growing bony tissues. In attempt to improve bone regeneration, chitosan microsphere composites embedded with two osteogenesis beneficial ingredients, CaSO_4 and platelet-rich plasma (PRP), were fabricated by using a high voltage electrostatic field system. Three groups, chitosan/CaSO_4 microspheres (Group A), chitosan/CaSO_4 microspheres mixed with thrombin (Group B), and chitosan/CaSO_4/PRP microspheres mixed with thrombin (Group C) were prepared. And, these chitosan-based composites were evaluated together with a control group in pig oral model for the bone regeneration study. The chitosan/CaSO_4/PRP microsphere composites, exhibiting good sphericity, were in the range of 457.5 ± 59.3 μm in diameter. Defects filled with Group B and Group C showed increases in new bone formation along with fibrous tissue regeneration as compared to that filled with Group A. The Masson's Trichrome stain observations suggested more abundant presence of fibrous collagen matrices around the defects after implanted with Group B over that of Group C microsphere composites. The preparation of chitosan/CaSO_4-based microspheres was straight forward by using high voltage electrostatic field system. Furthermore, Chitosan/CaSO_4-based microspheres with thrombin could be used successfully in regenerating new bone around the alveolus bone area.