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On the Evolution of Tropopause Layer Cooling Over Tropical Cyclone

机译:热带气旋对流层顶降温演化研究

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摘要

This study investigates the evolution of tropopause layer cooling (TLC) in an idealized tropical cyclone (TC) as well as the physical mechanism for its formation throughout its lifetime. TLC development is closely related to the intensity change of the TC. The TLC within the inner core of a TC coincides with the occurrence of the TC warm core, whereas the enhancement of the TLC precedes the strengthening of the warm core and the intensification of the TC. This phenomenon suggests that the TLC could be a valuable signal for predicting TC intensity and intensity change. After the onset of rapid intensification, the TLC continues to enhance until it is replaced by the warm core in the inner core region, and it expands to the outer core area and forms a cold ring above the TC outflow layer. The budget analyses of the azimuthal mean potential temperature indicate that advection plays a leading role during all stages of the TLC evolution. Prior to and during the rapid intensification stages of a TC, advection (due to eddy motion) contributes to a cooling of the upper layer above the TC center. This upper-level cooling is assumed to be related to the uplift caused by overshooting and convection within the inner core. However, the advection process caused by the azimuthal vertical motion dominated the broad cooling across the whole TLC area.
机译:本研究探讨了理想化热带气旋(TC)对流层顶冷却(TLC)的演变及其在其整个生命周期中形成的物理机制。TLC的发展与TC的强度变化密切相关。TC内核内的TLC与TC暖核的发生相吻合,而TLC的增强先于暖核的增强和TC的增强。这种现象表明,TLC可能是预测TC强度和强度变化的有价值的信号。快速增强开始后,TLC继续增强,直到在内核内区被暖核区取代,向外核区扩展,在TC流出层上方形成冷环。方位平均潜在温度的预算分析表明,平流在TLC演化的各个阶段都起着主导作用。在TC的快速增强阶段之前和期间,平流(由于涡流运动)有助于TC中心上方上层的冷却。这种上层冷却被认为与内核内的过冲和对流引起的隆起有关。然而,方位垂直运动引起的平流过程主导了整个TLC区域的广泛冷却。

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