Studies on some Egyptian onion varieties under upper Egypt condition 1-effect of soil moisture on some growth characters for some onion varieties and it water consumptive use

摘要

The main targets of this investigation were the study effect of different irrigation regimes: after the depletion of 35-40 percent, 55-60 percent and 75-80 percent from available soil water (designated as wet, medium and dry respectively) on growthcharacters of some onion varieties and its water consumptive use, throughout the two seasons at the Agricultural Research Station of Shandweel during 1996/97 through 1997/98. The results could be summarized as follows: 1- Growth of onion varieties, measured as plant length and leaf area were significantly increased with the increase in the soil moisture of designated as wet compared with Medium or Dry. While irrigation was not significant effect on the bulbing ratio and dry matter after 90 days from transplanting in all varieties in both seasons. 2- Giza 20 var. was longest of plants and highest of dry matter, while it was delayed of bulbs development express bulbing ration. Also, El-Bostan gave higher of leaf area in both seasons of study. 3- Shandweel 1 gave lower of plant length, least of dry matter and led area, while it was early of bulb development. 4- The designated as wet with Giza 20 and/or Behiary No pink vats, gave longest of plants and higher of leaf area, while, the designated as dry with Slumdweel 1 was the early of bulb development as well as the designated as wet with Assiut glob produced greatest of dry matter 5-Mean values of water consumptive use by onion were 503, 335 and 272 mm in the first season while in the second season reached to 569, 360 and 276 mm for the treatments of irrigation after 35-40, 55-60 and 75-80 percent depletion of available soil moisture i.e. Wet, Medium and Dry respectively. The Behiary No Pink vanety was consumed more water than the other varieties.