Studies on some Egyptian onion varieties under upper Egypt conditions 2-effect of irrigation regimes on yield and some bulb quality characters of onion varieties

摘要

Two field trials were carried out at Shandweel Research Station, Sohag Governorate in the two successive growing seasons of 1996/1997 and 1997/1998 to study the effect of different irrigation regimes: after the depletion of 35-40, 55-60 mid 75-80 percent from available soil water (designated as wet, medium and dry, respectively), on yield and some bulb quality characters of onion varieties as well as water consumptive use and water use efficiency. The obtained results were as follows: 1- Total, marketable, exportable yields and average bulb weight were significantly increased while total soluble solids (T.S.S. percent) decreased with increasing of available soil moisture (wet) compared with medium and/or dry in two seasons. 2- Giza 20 variety produced the highest values of total, marketable yields and T.S.S. in both seasons, while Shandweel 1 variety produced the lowest values as compared with other varieties. 3-El-Bostan strain produced higher value of average bulb weight while it was least value with Shandweel 1 var. and Behairy No Pink was largest of exportable yield while it was below with El-Bostan in two seasons. 4- The wet treatment with Giza 20 variety gave the high values of exportable yield while the lowest value obtained with El-Bostan variety under dry treatment. 5- Average water consumptive use by Onion were 2291, 1458, and 1144 m~3/fed., for wet (35-40 percent) medium (55-60 percent) and dry, (75-80 percent) available soil moisture treatments respectively. It was found that Behairy No Pink variety consumed more waler than the other varieties. 6- Dry treatment produced the highest yield per one cubic meter of water (9.53 kg/m~3 of water consumed), while the wet treatment produced the lowest yield (7.51 kg/m~3 of water consumed).Giza 20 variety produced higher bulb yield per one cubic meter of water than the other varieties (9.69 kg/m~3 of water consumed as average of the two seasons).