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Billiards in a General Domain with Random Reflections

机译:普通范围内的台球,随机反射

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摘要

We study stochastic billiards on general tables: a particle moves according to its constant velocity inside some domain D R-d until it hits the boundary and bounces randomly inside, according to some reflection law. We assume that the boundary of the domain is locally Lipschitz and almost everywhere continuously differentiable. The angle of the outgoing velocity with the inner normal vector has a specified, absolutely continuous density. We construct the discrete time and the continuous time processes recording the sequence of hitting points on the boundary and the pair location/velocity. We mainly focus on the case of bounded domains. Then, we prove exponential ergodicity of these two Markov processes, we study their invariant distribution and their normal (Gaussian) fluctuations. Of particular interest is the case of the cosine reflection law: the stationary distributions for the two processes are uniform in this case, the discrete time chain is reversible though the continuous time process is quasi-reversible. Also in this case, we give a natural construction of a chord "picked at random" in D, and we study the angle of intersection of the process with a (d - 1) -dimensional manifold contained in D.
机译:我们在通用表上研究随机台球:一个粒子根据其恒定速度在某个区域D R-d内移动,直到达到边界并根据一些反射定律随机反弹。我们假设域的边界是本地Lipschitz,几乎在所有地方都是连续可微的。输出速度与内部法向矢量之间的夹角具有指定的绝对连续密度。我们构造离散时间和连续时间过程,以记录边界上的命中点的顺序以及对的位置/速度。我们主要关注有界域的情况。然后,我们证明了这两个马尔可夫过程的指数遍历性,我们研究了它们的不变分布和正态(高斯)涨落。余弦反射定律尤其令人关注:在这种情况下,两个过程的平稳分布是均匀的,尽管连续时间过程是准可逆的,但离散时间链是可逆的。同样在这种情况下,我们给出了D中“随机拾取”的和弦的自然构造,并且研究了过程与D中包含的(d-1)维流形的相交角。

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