Does peritransplantation use of rituximab reduce the risk of EBV reactivation and PTLPD?

摘要

A recently published study evaluated 26 901 allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT) recipients to define the risk factors for posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLPD). PTLPD developed in 127 (0.47%), with more than 80% of cases occurring within the first year after allo-SCT. The authors identified 4 high-risk factors associated with increased risk for PTLPD. Patients with no risk factors (80.6%) had a cumulative incidence of 0.2% versus 8.1% for patients in whom 3 or more risk factors were present (0.64%). The risk associated with antithymocyte globulin (ATG) dosage was not analyzed in this study; however, with the recent trends of using lower ATG doses and close Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) monitoring with preemptive therapy for EBV reactivation, one would expect lower risk for development of PTLPD.