Physical characters, yield and nutrient concentration and its uptake by medium duration pigeonpea hybrid ICPH-2671 as influenced by fertility levels and planting geometry.

摘要

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2009 at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad to study the response of hybrid pigeonpea to various planting geometries and fertility levels. The experiment was set out in a factorial RBD with three replications. The experiment consisted of nine treatment combinations of hybrid pigeonpea (ICPH-2671) with two factors, three planting geometries (S₁-60x30 cm, S₂-90x30 cm and S₃-90x45 cm) and three fertility levels (F₁-25:50, F₂-37.5:75 and F₃-50:100 N, P kg/ha) and pigeonpea variety Maruti (ICP-8863) with recommended package of practices as control plot. The results revealed that the hybrid pigeonpea ICPH-2671 recorded significantly higher plant height, number of primary, secondary and total branches, dry matter partitioning/plant at various growth stages, grain, stalk and leaves yield (24.04, 102.96 and 9.77 q/ha) as compared to cv. Maruti (16.79, 70.89 and 8.22 q/ha) and the magnitude of increase was 43.18, 45.24 and 18.86% higher. Stalk and leaves yield, plant dry matter partitioning/plant at various growth stages, total branches/plant and its distribution were higher with hybrid pigeonpea ICPH-2671 compared to variety Maruti. Among fertility levels, 37.50 and 75 kg N:P₂O₅/ha recorded dry matter partitioning in leaves, stem and pods which remained at par with higher level (50:100 N, P kg/ha) and found significantly superior lowest dose (i. e. 25:50 kg/ha), whereas application of 50:100 N, P kg/ha level recorded significantly higher and maximum in N, P and K contents in grain, stalk and leaves and their uptake as compared to lower levels. Significant differences were observed among the plant geometry and fertility levels and their interactions with respect to growth and yield parameters. The plant geometry of 60x30 cm recorded significantly higher plant height at 60 and 120 DAS, whereas wider planting geometry (90x45 cm) significantly recorded maximum number of primary, secondary and total branches/plant. Data further revealed that this geometry also recorded significantly higher in dry matter partitioning towards leaves, stem and pods as well as total dry matter than rest of the planting geometries tested. Further data revealed that plant geometry 90x30 cm significantly recorded maximum total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake than rest of the geometries. The plant geometry of 90x45 cm recorded significantly higher grain yield (25.65 q/ha) as compared to closer geometry of 60x30 cm (21.88 q/ha). The fertility level of 50:100 N, P kg/ha resulted in significantly higher grain yield (25.74 q/ha) as compared to lower fertility level of 25:50 N, P kg/ha (22.28 q/ha). Among the treatment combinations S₃F₃ (90x45 cm+50:100 N, P kg/ha) recorded significantly higher grain yield (28.49 q/ha) and S₃F₁, in higher stalk yield (115.30 q/ha) and it was 69.68 and 62.65% higher than the control (16.79 and 70.89 q/ha). The study indicated that hybrid pigeonpea ICPH-2671 had better response to wider geometry and higher fertility levels. It performed better than the cv. Maruti.