Kidney Injury Molecule 1: In Search of Biomarkers of Chronic Tubulointerstitial Damage and Disease Progression

摘要

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requiring renal replacement therapy is increasing worldwide and is emerging as a major global health threat.1 CKD is characterized by progressive decline in kidney function associated with excess cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The evidence in animal models that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, in addition to lowering blood pressure, have selective antiproteinuric and renoprotective properties opened a new era for the treatment of patients with CKD. This dictated the current and consolidated therapeutic approach for proteinuric chronic nephropathies based on blockade of the renin-angiotensin system with ACE inhibitors and/or angiotensin II receptor antagonists, which limit proteinuria and reduce kidney function decline and risk of end-stage renal disease more effectively than other antihypertensive treatments#