Lack of toxic effects of methanol in a patient with HIV.

摘要

Ingestion of a very large amount of methanol usually causes serious toxicity. Methanol is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver to formaldehyde and then quickly transformed by aldehyde dehydrogenase to formic acid. Although methanol is directly responsible for the initial signs and symptoms of inebriation, formaldehyde and formate are responsible for the characteristic blindness and metabolic acidosis with a high plasma anion gap. Lactic acid accumulation also can occur through inhibition of mitochon-drial cytochrome oxidase by formate.