This paper focuses on the number of domestic livestock kept by nomads in Mongolia. The economic conditions of nomads in Mongolia changed during the transition of a centrally planned economy to a market economy, and as a result of harsh climatic conditions (referred to as Dzud in Mongolian). We have divided the nomads into two categories : Before and after the Dzud, First: From 1991 to 1999, the number of domestic livestock had been increasing along with the increase of family members. During this period, nomads increased the number of their sheep and goats. Second : After the Dzud, it appears that respective farmers had between 51 and 100 livestock and about 65% of the families had less than 100 livestock. A comparison of data in 1999 and 2003, illustrated that in most categories, the nomads reduced in number where the reduction ratio depended on conditions, such as resistive livestock, weak livestock and labor conditions in respective families.
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