Content of antioxidants in Sambucus ebulus L. and in different plum cultivars Prunus domestica L.

摘要

Comparative study was done on the content of bio-antioxidants in different cultivars of Primus domestica L, which are typical for Bulgaria and cultivated in Dryanovo region. The term bio-antioxidants refer to biologically active compounds with antioxidant potential, some of which are polyphenols and tocopherols. The accumulation of secondary metabolites, such as polyphenols and anthocyanins, is genetically determined, but it depends to a great extent on the environmental conditions. The present studydetermines the amount of anthocyanins, total polyphenols and antiradical activity in fresh plum fruits of the following cultivars: 'Stanley', 'Kystendilska plum' and 'Nevena' and the local form of Pr.domestica subsp.insititia L. - 'Lyatnatrunkosliva'. As a standard were used fresh fruits from Sambucus ebulus L. due to their high content of studied components and their application in the folk medicine. The fruits of 'Lyatna trunkosliva' (2.8 mgGAE/gFW) are distinguished with the highest content of polyphenols after the fruits of Sambucus ebulus L, expressed as an equivalent to the gallic acid, followed by 'Stanley' (2,5 mg), 'Kystendilska plum' (1,9 mg) and 'Nevena' (1,6 mg). The highest content of anthocyanins after Sambucus ebulus L, expressed as an equivalent to cyanidin-3-glucoside, is found in 'Stanley' (31 mg/100 gFW), followed by 'Lyatna trunkosliva' (25 mg/100 gFW), Kystendilska plum' (13 mg/100 gFW) and 'Nevena' (4 mg/100 gFW). Regarding the antiradical activity, which is determined by DPPH rapid test, the studied cultivars are set in the following order: Sambucus ebulus L. -83%, 'Lyatna trunkosliva' - 63%, followed by 'Kystendilska plum' - 38%, 'Stanley' -29% and 'Nevena' - 12%.