Knowledge of formation-face pressures is critical to the success of hydraulic-fracturing treatments,especially in multistage and multiple-cluster-type horizontal-well completions.This knowledge can help in evaluating the effectiveness of acid-fracturing treatments in dynamic mode and also can enable and improve realtime decision-making during treatment execution.This paper contains a detailed discussion of methods and a software tool that has been developed to generate information that predicts formation-face pressures in real time with the help of live bottomhole-pressure data.Acid-fracturing treatments combine the basic principles of hydraulic fracturing and acid-reaction kinetics to stimulate acid-soluble formations.Unlike propped fracturing treatments,in which a viscous pad is followed by slurry-laden fluid that assists in keeping the fracture propped open to create a conductive flow path for formation fluids,the fracture conductivity in acid fracturing is generated by dissolving the formation face to create an uneven surface on the fracture walls.
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