An X-ray-free method to accurately identify the elbow flexion-extension axis for the placement of a hinged external fixator

摘要

Identifying the elbow flexion-extension (F-E) movement axis is important for placing a hinged elbow external fixator. An X-ray fluoroscopy-based method is widely used in clinical practice, exposing the patient and surgeons to high doses of radiation. Additionally, the accuracy and repeatability of the fluoroscopy-based method are very low and affected by subjective factors.