Strain Localization and Weakening Processes in Viscously Deforming Rocks: Numerical Modeling Based on Laboratory Torsion Experiments

D?hmann M. J. E. A.; Brune S.; Nardini L.; Rybacki E.; Dresen G.

摘要

Abstract >Localization processes in the viscous lower crust generate ductile shear zones over a broad range of scales affecting long‐term lithosphere deformation and the mechanical response of faults during the seismic cycle. Here we use centimeter‐scale numerical models in order to gain detailed insight into the processes involved in strain localization and rheological weakening in viscously deforming rocks. Our 2‐D Cartesian models are benchmarked to high‐temperature and high‐pressure torsion experiments on Carrara marble samples containing a single weak Solnhofen limestone inclusion. The models successfully reproduce bulk stress‐strain transients and final strain distributions observed in the experiments by applying a simple, first‐order softening law that mimics rheological weakening. We find that local stress concentrations forming at the inclusion tips initiate strain localization inside the host matrix. At the tip of the propagating shear zone, weakening occurs within a process zone, which expands with time from the inclusion tips toward the matrix. Rheological weakening is a precondition for shear zone localization, and the width of this shear zone is found to be controlled by the degree of softening. Introducing a second softening step at elevated strain, a high strain layer develops inside the localized shear zone, analogous to the formation of ultramylonite bands in mylonites. These results elucidate the transient evolution of stress and strain rate during inception and maturation of ductile shear zones. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract Type =“Main”XML：Lang =“en”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> >在粘性下皮中的本地化过程在广泛的范围内产生延展性剪切区 - 岩石圈变形及地震循环中断层的机械响应。在这里，我们使用厘米级数值模型，以便对粘性变形岩石中涉及应变定位和流变弱化的过程进行详细的洞察。我们的二维笛卡尔型号是在Carrara大理石样品上的高温和高压扭转实验的基准测试，含有单一的弱溶质石灰石夹杂物。模型通过应用模仿流变削弱的简单，一阶软化法，成功再现了实验中观察到的散装应力 - 应变瞬变和最终应变分布。我们发现在夹杂物提示处形成局部应力浓度在宿主基质内引发应变定位。在传播剪切区的尖端处，在处理区内发生弱化，其随着时间从包含尖端朝向基质而膨胀。流变弱化是用于剪切区定位的前提，并且发现该剪切区的宽度被软化程度控制。在升高的菌株下引入第二软化步骤，高应变层在局部剪切区内发育，类似于髓鞘中的亚替莫岩条带的形成。这些结果阐明了在延性剪切区的初始和成熟过程中应激和应变速率的瞬态演变。</ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-34677/'>《Journal of geophysical research. Solid earth: JGR》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2019年第1期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共18页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=D?hmann M. J. E. A.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">D?hmann M. J. E. A.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Brune S.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Brune S.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Nardini L.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Nardini L.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Rybacki E.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Rybacki E.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Dresen G.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Dresen G.;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Helmholtz‐Centre Potsdam‐GFZ German Research Centre for GeosciencesPotsdam Germany;</p> <p>Helmholtz‐Centre Potsdam‐GFZ German Research Centre for GeosciencesPotsdam Germany;</p> <p>Helmholtz‐Centre Potsdam‐GFZ German Research Centre for GeosciencesPotsdam Germany;</p> <p>Helmholtz‐Centre Potsdam‐GFZ German Research Centre for GeosciencesPotsdam Germany;</p> <p>Helmholtz‐Centre Potsdam‐GFZ German Research Centre for GeosciencesPotsdam Germany;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/163.html" title="地球物理学">地球物理学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=dislocation creep&option=203" rel="nofollow">dislocation creep;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=torsion&option=203" rel="nofollow">torsion;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=2‐D numerical model&option=203" rel="nofollow">2‐D numerical model;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=rheological weakening&option=203" rel="nofollow">rheological weakening;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=two phase aggregates&option=203" rel="nofollow">two phase aggregates;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=strain localization&option=203" rel="nofollow">strain localization;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：错位蠕变;扭转;2-D数模型;流变削弱;两相骨料;应变定位; </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li class="active" >外文文献</li> <li >中文文献</li> <li >专利</li> </ul> </div> <div class="similarity_details"> <ul > <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/journal-foreign-detail/0704025592424.html">Strain Localization and Weakening Processes in Viscously Deforming Rocks: Numerical Modeling Based on Laboratory Torsion Experiments</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=D?hmann M. 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