Is obstructive sleep apnea a risk factor for hypertension?--differences between the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort and the Sleep Heart Health Study.

摘要

Results of CPAP intervention trials examining changes in blood pressure following obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment give an overall impression that CPAP remediation of OSA can be expected to result, on average, in a small but non-trivial reduction in systemic blood pressure (BP)—on the order of a few mm Hg.1-2 However, while CPAP trials can address clinically relevant questions regarding the effectiveness of OSA treatment, they are not ideal for addressing the entire pathophysiologic role of OSA in the elevation of BP. Reasons for this include: OSA-related elevations in BP may not be entirely reversible; trials may need to run longer than weeks-to-months to achieve the potential impact of CPAP; and less than complete CPAP compliance is the norm. That leaves observational studies the task of attempting to measure the "full" role of OSA in elevated BP.