ce:italic>Salvia/ce:italic> spp. plants-from farm to food applications and phytopharmacotherapy

摘要

Salviais one of the largest genera of the family Lamiaceae. It is widely distributed in the temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions all over the world. Besides its ethnobotanical importance, some species such asS. officinalis(sage, common sage), S. sclarea(clary sage), S. lavandulifolia(Spanish sage),S. miltiorrhiza(danshen), andS. hispanica(chia) are traded on the market as a food and because of the interest in their essential oils and/or popularity in traditional medicine. The high diversity of theSalviagenus and phytochemical richness generate great interest for discovering new biological active compounds, including those found in essential oils.Salviaplant essential oils exhibit broad-spectrum pharmacological activities and represent great interest for food preservation as potential natural products. Thus, this review describes the phytochemical composition of essential oils from differentSalviaspp. according to the geographic regions, plant organ, and phenological stage. Moreover, the cultivation and growing conditions ofSalviaplants have been also revised. Finally, the interest onSalviaplants for food and pharmaceutical applications has been covered, through reporting their biological properties, including as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-alzheimer, hypotensive, anti-hyperglycemia, anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-cancer, and skin curative agents.