Sebaceous adenitis in the dog: Three cases

摘要

Sebaceous adenitis is a skin disease that was first described in the late 1980s in several breeds of dog including the standard poodle, Akita, Samoyed and Vizsla. The disease is caused by a granulomatous inflammatory reaction that affects the sebaceous glands, leading to their destruction. Several aetiopathogenic factors have been suggested: genetic factors, autoimmune processes, keratinization defects and lipid metabolism disorders. Two clinical forms have been described: the first involves long-haired breeds and is characterized by hypotrichosis/alopecia, erythema and dark-yellow keratosebaceous formations located on the head (back of the nose and ears), neck, trunk and tail that have a tendency to generalize; the second form is typical of short-haired breeds, in which the hair coat has a 'moth-eaten' appearance, at times associated with moderate desquamation. Pruritus is not present in either form (Rosser, 2000). Secondary sebaceous adenitis has been observed in several primary diseases such as leishmaniosis, demodicosis, food allergy and uveal-dermato-logical syndromes (White et al., 1995; Gross et al., 1992). Given the rarity of the primary disease, we describe the clinical-pathological aspects of three cases of sebaceous adenitis in canine breeds in which the disease had not been previously observed.