Biochemical activity of soil in apple tree (Malus domestica) orchard after replantation

摘要

The object of the study was the effect of differentiated irrigation and fertilization on the enzymatic activity and CO_2 emission of soil in an apple tree (Mains domestica) orchard after replantation. In the experiment, three irrigation levels were applied: W_0 - maintenance of soil moisture on the level of atmospheric precipitations, W_1 - maintenance of soil moisture on the level of -O.OSMPa of water potential, and W_2 - maintenance of soil moisture on the level of -O.OlMPa of water potential. Within each irrigation level, the following fertilization combinations were used: 65kg N ha~(-1); 65kg N ha~(-1) and 95kg ha' K_2O as well as 130kg N ha~(-1) and 190kg ha~(-1) K_2O. The highest dehydrogenase, protease and urease activity were noted in 65kg Nha~(-1) and 95kg ha~(-1) or 130 kg N ha~(-1) and 190 kg ha~(-1) combinations and the lowest in 65kg N ha~(-1) combination. A high of dehydrogenase and protease activity were observed in W_1 or W_2 combinations and low in W_0 combination. Furthermore, the activity of dehydrogenase, protease and CO_2 emission of soil were high in the control objects (Nowina, virgin soil) in comparison with the fertilized combinations originating from the replanted orchard, with the exception of urease whose highest activity was confirmed in the fertilized combinations.