A low-fat spread with added plant sterols and fish omega-3 fatty acids lowers serum triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in individuals with modest hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia

摘要

PurposeThe primary and secondary objectives were to investigate the triglyceride (TG) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering effects of a spread with added plant sterols (PS) and fish oil as compared to a placebo spread.MethodsThis study had a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group design with two intervention arms. Following a 2-week placebo run-in period, 260 healthy individuals with modestly elevated blood TG (1.4mmol/L) and LDL-C (3.4mmol/L) concentrations consumed either the placebo or intervention spread for 4 weeks. The intervention spread contained 2.0g/day PS and 1.0g/day eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)+docosahexanoic acid (DHA) from fish oil. Fasting serum lipids and apolipoproteins (Apo) (exploratory) were measured at the end of the run-in and intervention phases.ResultsFour-week consumption of the intervention spread resulted in significantly lower TG (-10.6%, 95% CI -16.0 to -4.9%; P0.001) and LDL-C concentrations (-5.2%; 95% CI -7.8 to -2.4%) as compared to placebo. Total cholesterol (-3.9%; 95% CI -6.1 to -1.5%), non-HDL-C (-5.4%; 95% CI -8.1 to -2.7%), remnant-cholesterol (-8.1%; 95% CI -3.4 to -12.5%), ApoAII (-2.9%; 95% CI -5.5 to -0.2%), ApoCIII (-7.7%; 95% CI -12.1 to -3.1%) and ApoB (-3.2%; 95% CI -5.9 to -0.4%) concentrations were also significantly lower, as compared to placebo. No significant treatment effects were found for HDL-cholesterol, ApoAI, ApoCII, Apo E or ApoB/ApoAI.ConclusionsFour-week consumption of the intervention spread led to significant and clinically relevant decreases in serum TG, LDL-C and other blood lipid concentrations. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 02728583).