The variability of productive traits estimation in Kalmyk cattle

摘要

The aim of the research was to assess the variability of productive traits in new factory types "Aita" and "Voznesenovskiy" in Kalmyk breed of cattle. The material for the studies was obtained on two groups of bull-calves (n = 12) for control growingof experimental animals in breeding farm APC "Druzhba" in Stavropol Territory. The final and pre-slaughter live weight, hot carcass weight, fat, carcass weight and yield were measured during the control slaughter of 3 bulls (15 months of age). Based on the boning data the content of pulp, bones, cartilage and tendons were established, as well as the yield of pulp per 1 kg of bones. The advantage of Voznesenovsky type was 8.5 kg by the final stage of control growing. Analysis of the average daily gain showed the superiority of Voznesenovskiy type in front of their peers by 21.1 g. A significant determination of live weight at birth of calves from the "factory type" component - 53,26% was established by analysis of variance. The highest proportion of theinformal factors influence was recorded at weaning, reaching 99.94% of the total variability of the trait. A minimal effect of genetic component (0.19%) on the variability of average daily gain was detected in calves in the pre-weaning period. The impact of "factory type" gradation was increased up to 17.92% after weaning. The slaughter mass of bull-calves "Aita" was characterized by a minimum level conceded to the average value of peers by 30.6 kg. The maximum amount of pulp was obtained from "Voznesenovskiy" type; the advantage was up to 12.0 kg. The difference in meat yield per 1 kg of bones were 0,34 kg in favor of the young bulls of "Voznesenovskiy" genotype.