Comparative evaluation of the chemical composition and yield of barnyard millet depending on climate conditions, sowing times and the development phase under the conditions of the steppe zone of North Kazakhstan

摘要

The study shows the results of determining the optimum sowing period and the harvesting phase for obtaining the highest hay quality of barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea). The highest hay yield of barnyard millet was ensured by sowing in the third decade of May with a yield of 4.3 tons/ha. The highest values of crude protein (12.8%), crude fat (1.9%), crude ash (8.5%), soluble carbohydrates (3.8%) and carotene (204 mg/kg) in dry weight were noted in case of sowing in the first decade of June. The content of raw fiber was higher for early sowing periods than for late sowing. In case of sowing in the second decade of May, it was 36.7%, in the third decade of May - 31.7%, and in the first decade of June - 30.2%. It is possible to isolate the shooting phase where the content of crude protein and carotene was 12.2% and 238 mg/kg, respectively. High content of raw fat, ash, and soluble carbohydrates (sugar) was also noted in the earing phase and amounted to 9.7,12.3 and 12.8%. The more age, the more the fiber amount in dry matter. It was 34.8% in the flowering phase. According to the results of the study, it can be said that the optimal seeding time for barnyard millet is the latest seeding time. The earing phase is the best harvesting phase for obtaining the best yield of barnyard millet.