Novel Abuse Deterrent Formulations

摘要

Advances in pain control therapies over the last decade have led to the discovery of breakthrough drug products that provide patients with a wider range of highly effective medications. Compliant use of these medications allows many patients to carry out relatively normal daily functions. Unfortunately, along with the continuing growth of the prescription medication market, drug abuse, misuse and diversion have led to growing health and socioeconomic problems for the United States as reflected in the increased number of treatment admissions, emergency room visits and overdose deaths. The United States National Institute of Drug Abuse has reported that, in 2015 alone, antipain prescription opioid drug products were a cause of suffering to an estimated 2 million people in the United States. For instance, between 2002 and 2012, hospital admission related to opioid medicines more than quadrupled; similarly, overdose deaths linked to these medicines increased almost four-fold between 2000 to 2014. Every day, more than 90 Americans die due to opioid overdosing. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the total "economic burden" of prescription opioid misuse in the United States, including the costs of healthcare, lost productivity, addiction treatment, and criminal justice involvement is estimated to be $78.5 billion a year.In addition to the detrimental effects of overdose, an increase in the incidence of infant opioid dependency due to the use of these medicines by mothers during pregnancy, as well as the spread of infectious diseases, such as HIV and HVC, attributed to the misuse of opioids have been reported.