Development of a 100-K pneumatically driven split-type cryogenic Stirling cryocooler based on experimental and numerical study

摘要

This study is aimed at the development of a 100-K class pneumatically driven split-type cryogenic Stirling cryocooler. The pneumatically driven displacer is floating in the expander and is supported dynamically by the gas enclosed in a bounce space. An efficient theoretical model combining the dynamic and thermodynamic analysis is developed to simulate the transient behavior of the cooler in the starting period by improving the weakness of the existing models. In parallel, a prototype cooler is built to validate the theoretical model. Experimental measurements of cold head temperature, cooling load and coefficient of performance are conducted. A close agreement between the numerical and the experimental data is found. Results show that as the charged pressure is 5 bar and the rotation speed is 2000 rpm, the zero-load temperature of the cold head of the developed cryocooler can reach 103 K in 15 min. Effects of rotation speed on the phase angle, heat absorption rate, displacer stroke and power input are predicted, and the optimal operating ranges of the rotation speed at different charged pressures are presented.