A review of the literature on the relationships between genetic polymorphisms and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting

摘要

Highlights ? Describe salient characteristics for studies on associations between genetic polymorphisms and CINV. ? Summarize and critique the instruments used to assess CINV and the timing of the assessments in the studies. ? Synthesize findings on associations between the occurrence and severity of CINV and genetic polymorphisms. ? Synthesize findings on associations between antiemetic efficacy and genetic polymorphisms. Abstract Despite current advances in antiemetic treatments, between 30% to and 60% of oncology patients experience chemotherapy-induced nausea (CIN) and 13% to 33% report chemotherapy-induced vomiting (CIV). Inter-individual differences are observed in the occurrence and severity of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). This review summarizes and critiques studies on associations between occurrence and severity of CINV and polymorphisms in serotonin receptor, drug metabolism, and drug transport pathway genes. Sixteen studies evaluated the associations between the occurrence and/or severity of CINV and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Across these studies, three SNPs in 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor ( 5-HT3R ) genes, two alleles of the cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 ( CYP2D6 ) gene, and three SNPs in ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 ( ABCB1 ) gene were associated with the occurrence and severity of CINV. Given the limited number of polymorphisms evaluated, additional research is warranted to identify new mechanisms to develop more targeted therapies.