The sole and combined effect of simvastatin and platelet rich fibrin as a filling material in induced bone defect in tibia of albino rats

摘要

Statins like simvastatin (SIM) have demonstrated to have pleiotropic actions other than their conventional use as antilipidemic drugs. Also, nowadays natural scaffolds like platelets rich fibrin (PRF) showed promising results on bone regeneration.AimThis study compare the regenerative power of SIM and PRF added locally each as a sole filling material on induced bone defect and evaluate the combined effect using PRF loaded with SIM. Materials and methodsA critical size bone defect was induced in 48 male albino rats of average weight 150–200?g and were divided into 4 groups according to the filling material. Control, PRF, SIM, and SIM/PRF group. Each group was subdivided according to the sacrificing period into two subgroups (one and two-months postoperatively). Tibial specimens were evaluated histologically using masson trichrome (MT) special stain to detect areas of new bone formation, immunohistochemically using anti- BMP2 and anti-VEGF, serum levels of Osteoprotegerin (OPG), RANKL, osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase enzyme (ALP) were measured one and two months postoperatively using ELISA, Finally bone mineral density (BMD) at the bone defect area was analyzed using digital X-ray one and two-months postoperatively. ResultsThe percentage of newly formed bone increased significantly in the three groups vs the control group with the highest significant increase (p?