Simultaneous electrochemical determination of superoxide anion radical and nitrite using Cu,ZnSOD immobilized on carbon nanotube in polypyrrole matrix

摘要

A novel highly sensitive biosensor for the direct and simultaneous determination of superoxide anion radical (O_2~-) and nitrite (NO_2~-) was developed by incorporation of carbon nanotube (CNT) solubilized in nafion in polypyrrole (PPy) matrix on Pt electrode followed by immobilization of Cu,ZnSOD (SOD1) on it. The CNT/PPy nanocomposite electrode enhanced the immobilization of SOD1 and promoted the electron transfer of SOD1 minimizing its fouling effect. The surface morphological images of PPy and CNT-PPy nanocomposite on Pt electrode were obtained by scanning electron microscopy exhibiting highly microporous structures. The electrochemical behavior of the biosensor investigated by cyclic voltammetry revealed that the SOD1 immobilized electrode showed characteristic of SOD1 quasi-reversible redox peaks with a formal potential of +0.065V vs. Ag/AgCl. The biosensor exhibited a linear response over the concentration range from 0.1 to 750μM, with a detection limit of 0.1±0.03μM for O_2~- and a corresponding linear range of 0.5-2000μM, with a detection limit of 0.5±0.025μM for NO_2~-. In addition, the biosensor exhibited high sensitivity, good reproducibility and retained stability over 30 days. This modified electrode was quite effective not only in detecting O_2~- and NO_2~- independently but also determining the concentration of O_2~- and NO_2~- simultaneously in vitro and from cancer cells.