The last several decades have resulted in a tremendous upsurge in physical activity among both men and women. This enhancement can be seen in the level of participation in both casual and competitive sports endeavors. For example, the marathon was once considered the pinnacle of endurance athletic achievement, capable of being completed only by a select few. In 2007, however, there were 340 marathons run in the United States, with 403 000 finishers (40% women). This represents an increase of roughly 35% in only 7 years! Additionally, sports league participation for softball, basketball, and even bowling are at all-time highs.
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